Coney Island
September 29th, 2010Charles I.D. Looff, a Danish woodcarver, built the first carousel at Coney Island in 1876. It was installed at Vandeveer’s bath-house complex at West 6th Street and Surf Avenue. Later the complex became known as Balmer’s Pavilion. The carousel consisted of hand-carved horses and animals standing two abreast. Two musicians, a drummer and a flute player provided the music. A metal ring-arm hung on a pole outside the ride and fed small, iron rings for eager riders to grab. The riders were protected from the weather by a tent-top and the fare for a ride was five cents. From 1885 to 1896 the Coney Island Elephant was the first sight to greet immigrants arriving in New York. They would see it before they saw the Statue of Liberty. The Coney Island Elephant was a hotel and brothel in the shape of an elephant. In 1885 this hotel also known as the Elephantine Colossus was built by James V. Lafferty. It stood 122 feet high with seven floors and had 31 rooms. The hotel became associated with prostitution which led to the phrase “going to see the elephant”. In 1896 the Coney Island Elephant burnt down in one of the Island’s many fires.
Nathan’s Famous original hot dog stand opened on Coney Island in 1916 and quickly became a landmark. Since its opening on July 4th an annual eating contest was begun. In 1915 the Sea Beach line was upgraded to a subway line and the opening of the New West End Terminal in 1919 ushered in Coney Island’s busiest era. After WWII air conditioning in movie theaters and in homes, along with the advent of automobiles which could provide access to the less crowded and more appealing Long Island state parks, especially Jones Beach, lessened the attractions of Coney’s beaches. Luna Park closed in 1946 after a series of fires and street gang problems of the 1950s spilled into Coney Island. The local economy was further impacted by the closing of Steeplechase Park, the last of the major amusement parks in 1964.
Between about 1880 and WWII Coney Island was the largest amusement area in the U.S. attracting several million visitors per year. At its height it contained three competing major amusement parks, Luna Park, Dreamland and Steeplechase Park, as well as many independent amusements.
Dreamland – Opened in Coney Island in 1904 and operated till 1911. Dreamland was created by a Tammany Hall-connected businessman named William H. Reynolds. This amusement park was supposed to be high-class entertainment, with elegant architecture, pristine white towers and some educational exhibits along with the rides and thrills. It was reputed to have one million electric light bulbs illuminating and outlining its buildings which as a novelty at that time.
Among the attractions at Dreamland were a railway the ran through a Swiss Alpine landscape, imitation Venetian canals with gondolas, a “Lilliputian Village” with three hundred dwarf inhabitants and a demonstration of firefighting in which two thousand people pretended to put out a blazing six-story building. Side shows were owned by the Dicker family who also owned the hotel next to the park. There was a display of baby incubators, where premature babies were cared for and exhibited. The story of the first premature triplet infants is especially interesting. The triplets belonged to the Dicker family. Doctors advised the Dickers of the new invention but said they couldn’t use it because incubators were not yet approved for hospital use. So the triplets were placed in the side show. Two of them survived to live out full lives.
To gain publicity for Dreamland the park put famous Broadway actress Marie Dressler in charge of the peanut and popcorn stands with young boys dressed as imps in red flannel acting as salesmen. Dressler was said to be in love with Dreamland’s handsome, handlebar-mustachioed, one armed lion tamer who went by the name of Captain Bonavita. Read the rest of this entry »
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